FERMENTED ORGANIC MANURE
There are several ways to produce organic manure. Composting of organic waste can be achieved with earthworms, maggots, fungus, and bacteria. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. Some are good for small scale and yet some can only be done on a large scale. The main aim is to get rich manure with good amounts of micro and macronutrients.
Anaerobic composting is done in a special digester which feeds the anaerobic bacteria daily and also collects the digested slurry after a certain amount of time. One of the major drawbacks of anaerobic composting was that it releases huge amounts of Methane. But Methane is a very good replacement for cooking and transportation fuel. These digesters are designed in such a way that Methane is collected without being released into the atmosphere and also collect the digestate which is excellent manure for the plants.
Why we believe this manure, which the Govt of India identifies as Fermented Organic Manure (FOM), is much better than vermicompost. The popular notion that vermicompost is far better than any other compost is actually arguable. FOM has a smaller particle size than vermicompost and has higher water retention than other organic manures. As per the nutrients, there is not much of a difference in vermicompost and FOM. During the anaerobic process, the temperature in the digester increases to around 50 to 70 C. This kills almost all pathogens. The following table gives a list of nutrients that are present and other parameters of the manure.
| PROPERTIES | AS PER INDIAN STANDARD | FERMENTED ORGANIC MANURE |
|---|---|---|
| pH | 8 - 8.5 | 8.04 |
| Electrical Conductivity | 1.5 - 3.5 | 2.12 |
| C:N Ratio | <20 | 18.46 |
| Nitrogen | Varies for different soil conditions and plants | 1.23 (Can be enriched for custom crop or soil) |
| Potassium | Varies for different soil conditions and plants | 0.47 (Can be enriched for custom crop or soil) |
| Phosphorus | Varies for different soil conditions and plants | 0.2 (Can be enriched for custom crop or soil) |
| Pathogens such as E.Coli, Salmonella, Listeria Monocytogens, Yeast | NIL | NIL |
| Heavy Metals such as Lead, Arsenic, Mercury and Cadmium | <0.5 mg/l | NIL |
| Micronutrients such as Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum, Iron etc | Trace | Trace |
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